Islamic State (2014–present) Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

on 29 june 2014, isil proclaimed worldwide caliphate. abu bakr al-baghdadi – known supporters amir al-mu minin, caliph ibrahim – named caliph, , group renamed ad-dawlah al-islāmiyah ( islamic state (is)). caliphate , claims religious, political , military authority on muslims worldwide. concept of being caliphate , name islamic state have been rejected governments , muslim leaders worldwide.

in june , july 2014, jordan , saudi arabia moved troops borders iraq, after iraqi government lost control of (or withdrew from) strategic crossing points came under control of either isil or tribes supported it. there speculation iraqi prime minister nouri al-maliki had ordered withdrawal of troops iraq–saudi crossings in order increase pressure on saudi arabia , bring threat of isis over-running borders .

in july 2014, isil recruited more 6,300 fighters, according syrian observatory human rights, of whom thought have fought free syrian army. on 23 july 2014, abu sayyaf leader isnilon totoni hapilon , masked men swore loyalty al-baghdadi in video, giving isil presence in philippines. in september 2014, group began kidnapping people ransom.

capture of territory

yazidi refugees , american aid workers on mount sinjar in august 2014

on 3 august 2014, isil captured cities of zumar, sinjar, , wana in northern iraq. thousands of yazidis fled mount sinjar, fearful of approaching hostile isil militants. stranded yazidis need food , water, threat of genocide them , others announced isil, along desire protect citizens in iraq , support iraqi government in fight against isil, reasons given 2014 american intervention in iraq, began on 7 august. aerial bombing campaign began following day.

at end of october 2014, 800 militants gained partial control of libyan city of derna , pledged allegiance abu bakr al-baghdadi, making derna first city outside syria , iraq part of islamic state caliphate . on 10 november 2014, major faction of egyptian militant group ansar bait al-maqdis pledged allegiance isil. in mid-january 2015, yemeni official said isil had dozens of members in yemen, , coming direct competition al-qaeda in arabian peninsula because of recruitment drive. same month, afghan officials confirmed isil had military presence in afghanistan. however, february 2015, 65 of militants either captured or killed taliban, , isil s top afghan recruiter, mullah abdul rauf, killed in drone strike.

coalition airstrike on isil position in kobani, october 2014

in february 2015, isil militants in libya managed capture part of countryside west of sabha, , later, area encompassing cities of sirte, nofolia, , military base south of both cities. march, isil had captured additional territory, including city west of derna, additional areas near sirte, stretch of land in southern libya, areas around benghazi, , area east of tripoli.

on 7 march 2015, boko haram swore formal allegiance isil, giving isil official presence in nigeria, niger, chad , cameroon. on 13 march 2015, group of militants islamic movement of uzbekistan swore allegiance isil; group released video on 31 july 2015 showing spiritual leader pledging allegiance. in june 2015, deputy secretary of state announced isil had lost more 10,000 members in airstrikes on preceding 9 months.

loss of territory , declarations of victory opponents

since 2015, isil lost territory in iraq , syria, including tikrit in march , april 2015, baiji in october, sinjar in november 2015, ramadi in december 2015, fallujah in june 2016 , palmyra in march 2017.

on july 10, 2017, iraqi prime minister abadi formally declared local iraqi victory on isil in recent iraqi army expulsion of isil city of mosul. since fall of isil in mosul, overall extent of isil held territory in both syria , iraq has diminished. on 17 october 2017, isil lost control of raqqa in second battle of raqqa. on 3 november, deir ez-zor, isil s last major city in syria, recaptured, rawa, last town held isil in iraq.

on 21 november 2017, iranian president hassan rouhani declared victory on isil. qasem soleimani, senior military officer of guardians of islamic revolution, wrote iran’s supreme leader ali khamenei isil had been defeated. vladimir putin, president of russia, declared victory on isil in syria well. iraqi prime minister, haider al-abadi, announced military defeat of isil in iraq.