Civil War service Samuel Ryan Curtis

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equestrian statue on keokuk riverfront


he supporter of eventual president abraham lincoln, , considered cabinet position in lincoln administration. however, after civil war broke out, curtis appointed colonel of 2nd iowa infantry on june 1, 1861, prompting him resign congressional seat on august 4 of year. subsequently promoted brigadier general, promotion backdated may 17, 1861.


after organizing chaos in st. louis, missouri, curtis given command of army of southwest on december 25, 1861, maj. gen. henry w. halleck. army consisted of 3 divisions, 1st commanded brig. gen. franz sigel, 2nd brig. gen. alexander asboth, , 3rd col. jefferson c. davis. however, sigel, native german held significant influence amongst many german immigrants in army, threatened resign on having not been appointed command of army himself. curtis subsequently gave him overall command of first 2 divisions, consisting of german immigrants, while creating 4th division commanded col. eugene a. carr.


curtis moved headquarters south rolla, missouri, solidify union control in arkansas. in march 1862, army won battle of pea ridge in northwest arkansas. success made him pensive rather triumphant. few days after battle wrote, scene silent , sad. vulture , wolf have dominion , dead friends , foes sleep in same lonely graves. promoted major general success, effective march 21, 1862. on same day in late march heard promotion, found out twenty-year-old daughter sadie died of typhoid fever in st. louis.


after pea ridge, curtis small army moved east , invaded northeast arkansas, capturing city of helena, arkansas in july. in september, curtis given command of district of missouri, lincoln forced reassign him, after curtis s abolitionist views led conflict governor of missouri. reassigned command department of kansas & indian territory.


in october 1863, son major henry zarah curtis, adjutant brig. gen. james g. blunt, killed quantrill s raiders. in surprise attack @ battle of baxter springs, quantrill s men wore federal uniforms , gave no quarter. samuel curtis named fort zarah in memory of son.


in 1864, curtis returned missouri, fighting against confederate invasion led maj. gen. sterling price. curtis gathered forces of department together, including several regiments of kansas state militia, calling force army of border. price s incursion halted curtis victory @ battle of westport. curtis reassigned different armed conflict, commanding army s department of northwest, in closing phase of military response uprisings in southern minnesota , dakota territory native americans against settlers.








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