Side effects Ocean fertilization

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1 side effects

1.1 algal blooms
1.2 impact on fisheries
1.3 ecosystem disruption
1.4 cloud formation





side effects
algal blooms

toxic algal blooms common phenomena in coastal areas. fertilization trigger such blooms. chronic fertilization risk creation of dead zones, such 1 @ mouth of missouri river.


impact on fisheries

adding urea ocean can cause phytoplankton blooms serve food source zooplankton , in turn feed fish. may increase fish catches. however, if cyanobacteria , dinoflagellates dominate phytoplankton assemblages considered poor quality food fish increase in fish quantity may not large. evidence links iron fertilization volcanic eruptions increased fisheries production. other nutrients metabolized along added nutrient(s), reducing presence in fertilized waters.


krill populations have declined dramatically since whaling began. sperm whales transport iron deep ocean surface during prey consumption , defecation. sperm whales have been shown increase levels of primary production , carbon export deep ocean depositing iron-rich faeces surface waters of southern ocean. faeces causes phytoplankton grow , take carbon. phytoplankton nourish krill. reducing abundance of sperm whales in southern ocean, whaling resulted in 2 million tonnes of carbon remaining in atmosphere each year.


ecosystem disruption

many locations, such tubbataha reef in sulu sea, support high marine biodiversity. nitrogen or other nutrient loading in coral reef areas can lead community shifts towards algal overgrowth of corals , ecosystem disruption, implying fertilization must restricted areas in vulnerable populations not put @ risk.


as phytoplankton descend water column, decay, consuming oxygen , producing greenhouse gases methane , nitrous oxide. plankton-rich surface waters warm surface layer, affecting circulation patterns.


cloud formation

many phytoplankton species release dimethyl sulfide, escapes atmosphere forms sulfate aerosols , encourages cloud formation, reduce warming. however, substantial increases in dms reduce global rainfall, according global climate model simulations, while halving temperature increases of 2100.








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