Biography Wojciech Korfanty

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1 biography

1.1 life
1.2 polish restoration
1.3 republican politics
1.4 exile





biography
early life

adalbert korfanty born son of coal miner in sadzawka, part of siemianowice (at time laurahütte), in prussian silesia, german empire. 1895 until 1901, studied philosophy, law, , economics, first @ technical university in charlottenburg (berlin) (1895) , @ university of breslau, marxist werner sombart among teachers. korfanty , sombart remained friends many years.



a plaque dedicated university of wrocław celebrate 130th anniversary of korfanty s birth in 2003. text reads: student of philosophy, law, , economics @ wrocław university; journalist, defender of polishness, leader of silesian uprisings; member of parliament , senator of polish republic.


in 1901, korfanty became editor-in-chief of polish language paper górnoslązak (the upper silesian), in appealed national consciousness of region s polish-speaking population.


in 1903, korfanty elected german reichstag , in 1904 prussian landtag, represented independent polish circle (polskie koło). significant departure tradition, polish minority in germany had far predominantly supported conservative centre party , represented large catholic community in germany, felt inferior in protestant-dominated reich. however, when centre party refused advocate polish minority rights (beyond poles rights catholics), poles distanced it, seeking protection elsewhere. in paper entitled precz z centrum ( away centre party , 1901), korfanty urged catholic polish-speaking minority in germany overcome national indifference , shift political allegiance supra-national catholicism cause of polish nation. however, korfanty retained christian democratic convictions , later returned them in domestic polish politics.


polish restoration

at end of world war i, in 1918, kingdom of poland proclaimed germany, replaced independent polish state. in reichstag speech on 25 october 1918, korfanty demanded provinces of west prussia (including ermeland (warmia)) , city of danzig (gdańsk), province of posen, , parts of provinces of east prussia (masuria) , silesia (upper silesia) included in polish state.


after war, during great poland uprising, korfanty became member of naczelna rada ludowa (supreme people s council) in poznań, , member of polish provisional parliament, constituanta-sejm. head of polish plebiscite committee in upper silesia. 1 of leaders of second silesian uprising in 1920 , third silesian uprising in 1921 — polish insurrections against german rule in upper silesia. german authorities forced leave positions league of nations. poland allotted league of nations half of population , valuable mining districts, attached poland. korfanty accused germans of organizing terrorism against german civilians of upper silesia. german propaganda newspapers smeared him ordering murder of silesian politician theofil kupka.


republican politics

korfanty member of national sejm 1922 1930, , in silesian sejm (1922–1935), represented christian democratic view-point. opposed autonomy of silesian voivodship, saw obstacle against re-integration poland. however, mr. korfanty defended rights of german minority in upper silesia, because believed prosperity of minorities enriched whole society of region.


he briefly acted vice-premier in government of wincenty witos (october–december 1923). 1924, resumed journalist activities editor-in-chief of papers rzeczpospolita ( republic , not confused modern newspaper of same name) , polonia. opposed may coup of józef piłsudski , subsequent establishment of sanacja. in 1930, korfanty arrested , imprisoned in brest-litovsk fortress, other leaders of centrolew, alliance of left-wing , centrist parties in opposition ruling government.


exile

in 1935, forced leave poland , emigrated czechoslovakia, participated in center-right morges front group formed émigrés ignacy paderewski , władysław sikorski. after german invasion of czechoslovakia, korfanty moved on france. returned poland in april 1939, after nazi germany had cancelled polish-german non-aggression pact of 1934, hoping renewed threat polish independence overcome domestic political cleavage. arrested upon arrival. in august, released unfit prison due bad health, , died shortly afterwards, 2 weeks before world war ii began german invasion of poland. although cause of death remains unclear, has been claimed treatment received in prison may have caused health deteriorate.








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