Values in Madhava's table Madhava's sine table

diagram explaining meaning of values in madhava s table

to understand meaning of values tabulated madhava, consider angle measure a. consider circle of unit radius , center o. let arc pq of circle subtend angle @ center o. drop perpendicular qr q op; length of line segment rq value of trigonometric sine of angle a. let ps arc of circle length equal length of segment rq. various angles a, madhava s table gives measures of corresponding angles



∠


{\displaystyle \angle }

pos in arcminutes, arcseconds , sixtieths of arcsecond.

as example, let angle measure 22.50°. in madhava s table, entry corresponding 22.50° measure in arcminutes, arcseconds , sixtieths of arcseconds of angle radian measure modern value of sin 22.50°. modern numerical value of sin 22.50° 0.382683432363 and,

0.382683432363 radians = 180 / π × 0.382683432363 degrees = 21.926145564094 degrees.

and

21.926145564094 degrees = 1315 arcminutes 34 arcseconds 07 sixtieths of arcsecond.

in katapayadi system digits written in reverse order. in madhava s table, entry corresponding 22.50° 70435131.