Great Whirl Somali Current

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two gigantic eddies @ north west indian ocean during southwest monsoon


the great whirl huge anti-cyclonic eddy generated somali current flowing in (northern) summer, , 1 of 2 gigantic indian ocean gyres (the other socotra gyre). great whirl can observed between 5-10°n , 52-57°e off somali coast in summer season, location typically around 200 km southwest of socotra gyre (between june september). however, in past both great whirl , socotra gyre have been known collapse, , exact locations differ year year. great whirl s typical size 400–600 km in horizontal diameter, , typical surface current velocity 1.5-2.0 m/s.


how great whirl forms isn t yet understood, analytical approach of applying rossby wave theory can explain basic formation mechanism. observation , analysis of [schott , quadfasel (1982)], summer monsoon develops during june–july, , drives westward water flow in location. schott , quadfasel applied first-mode rossby waves water flows, , concluded “the formation of great whirl response strong anti-cyclonic wind-stress curl”.


since somali current changes seasonally, great whirl displays seasonal behaviour in keeping monsoon cycle. eddy evident between june , september, e.g. in 1995, somali current did not develop in june @ all, during time eddy severely weakened , of small size - prolonged onset phase. somali current developed through summer, in september great whirl maximized , began disperse, entering winter season (the wane). conversely, great whirl may continue exist until mid-october, still exhibiting large size , curl structure may remain evident longer, underneath winter somali current.


this seasonal behaviour of great whirl affects local coastal ocean flows , arabian sea ecosystem: during summer season, coastal upwelling currents dependent on shape , behaviour of eddy observed northwest of great whirl. not biological productivity of region depend on these upwelling currents, (and thus, great whirl itself) play large part in regulating heat flux budget of north indian ocean.








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