Ascendancy of the Catholic League Catherine de Lorraine (1552–1596)

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scene theatrum crudelitatum haereticorum nostri temporis depicting cruelty of protestants catholics in england


jacques auguste de thou , pierre de l estoile, both hostile catherine, portrayed directing league propaganda, , called governess of league in paris. in july 1587 board erected in cloister of saint sévérin represented sufferings of catholics under queen elizabeth of england. final scene execution of mary, queen of scots. thought catherine de montpensier responsible board, viewed many people each day. board used images theatrum crudelitatum haereticorum nostri temporis of richard rowlands, had been paid large sums of money king philip ii of spain activities undermine support henry iii.


catherine s enemies not inactive. library of duchess of montpensier, published in 1587, tried discredit , other women of court satirical list of imagined titles implied sexual voracity , infidelity. 1 entitled inventory of proportions of french cocks, great balls of lorraine, madame de nermoutier. referred rumoured liaisons between charlotte de sauve, marquise de noirmoutier, henry of guise, henry of navarre , king s brother francis, duke of anjou.


catherine controlled media , sent bulletins preachers telling them news preach. according pierre de l estoile bribed preachers , curates convey message money , offers of bishoprics, abbeys , other valuable offices. since brother louis ii cardinal de lorraine leading prelate in france. in january 1588 henry iii asked leave paris due hostile activity. said had done more league army.


fighting broke out in paris on 12 may 1588 , 60 of king s soldiers killed. next day bastille fell, catherine s brother henry of guise took control of paris , henry iii of france fled château de blois. parlement of paris began trial of henry iii. catherine considered herself queen of paris. took wearing pair of scissors @ belt said use tonsure king before locking him in monastery.



henry iii foot on corpse of henry of guise


on 23 december 1588 henry iii of france arranged henry of guise assassinated @ château de blois. next day catherine s younger brother cardinal louis ii assassinated @ château de blois. bodies of both men burned , ashes thrown seine. deaths of 2 of brothers confirmed catherine in hatred of king henry iii of france. third brother charles, duke of mayenne, became leader of league. catherine woman warrior in french tradtion.


in 1588 led resistance henry of navarre wearing soldier s helmet , brandishing sword.








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