1947–1967 Science and technology in India

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the office of hijli detention camp (photographed september 1951) served first academic building of iit kharagpur.


jawaharlal nehru aimed convert india’s economy of modern state , fit nuclear age , quickly. nehru understood india had not been @ forefront of industrial revolution, , hence made effort promote higher education, , science , technology in india.


nehru s planning commission (1950) fixed investment levels, prescribed priorities, divided funds between agriculture , industry, , divided resources between state , federal governments. result of efforts between 1947–1962 saw area under irrigation increase 45 million acres (180,000 km), food production rise 34 million metric tons, installed power generating capacity increase 79 million kilowatts, , overall increase of 94 percent in industrial production. enormous population rise, however, balance gains made nehru. economically beleaguered country nevertheless able build large scientific workforce, second in numbers of united states , soviet union.


education – provided government of india – free , compulsory age of 14. more emphasis paid enhancement of vocational , technical skills. j. p. naik, member-secretary of indian education commission, commented on educational policies of time:



the main justification larger outlay on educational reconstruction hypothesis education important single factor leads economic growth [based on] development of science , technology.




india s first reactor (apsara) , plutonium reprocessing facility, photographed satellite on 19 february 1966.


on 18 august 1951 minister of education maulana abul kalam azad, inaugurated indian institute of technology @ kharagpur in west bengal. possibly modeled after massachusetts institute of technology these institutions conceived 22-member committee of scholars , entrepreneurs under chairmanship of n. r. sarkar.


the sino-indian war (1962) came rude awakening nehru s military preparedness. military cooperation soviet union – partially aimed @ developing advanced military technology – pursued during coming years. defence research , development organisation formed in 1958.


radio broadcasting initiated in 1927 became state responsibility in 1930. in 1947 given name india radio , since 1957 has been called akashvani. limited duration of television programming began in 1959, , complete broadcasting followed in 1965.


the indian government acquired evs em computers soviet union, used in large companies , research laboratories.








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